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{| align=right|-||-||-| contains the Old Man of the Mountain with the state motto 'Live Free or Die'.|}The
Old Man of the Mountain, also known as the
great stone face, was a series of five granite cliff ledges on Cannon Mountain (New Hampshire) in the White Mountains (New Hampshire) of
New Hampshire, United States that, when viewed from the correct angle, appeared to be the jagged profile of a face. The first recorded discovery of the Old Man was in 1805. The outcrop was 1,200 feet above Profile Lake, and measured 40 feet tall and 25 feet wide. It collapsed on
May 3,
2003.
History
The formation was carved by glaciers approximately 10,000 years ago and was first discovered by a surveying team circa 1805. The official state history says several groups of surveyors were working in the
Franconia Notch area at the time and claimed credit for the discovery.
Face-like stone formations are common around the world, including the famous
Napoleon's Nose, in the hills north of Belfast. The Old Man was famous largely because of statesman Daniel Webster, a New Hampshire native, who once wrote: "Men hang out their signs indicative of their respective trades; shoe makers hang out a gigantic shoe; jewelers a monster watch, and the dentist hangs out a gold tooth; but up in the Mountains of New Hampshire, God Almighty has hung out a sign to show that there He makes men."
The writer
Nathaniel Hawthorne also used the Old Man as inspiration for his short story called "The Great Stone Face," first published in
1850, in which he described the formation as "a work of
Nature in her mood of majestic playfulness."
Symbolic profile
The profile has been New Hampshire's
Emblem of New Hampshire since
1945. It was put on the state's
license plate, state
highway-route signs, and the back of New Hampshire's State Quarters, which is popularly promoted as the only US coin with a profile on both sides. Before the collapse, it could be seen from special viewing areas along Interstate 93 in Franconia Notch State Park, approximately 80 miles north of Concord, New Hampshire.
Collapse
Defying attempts at
preservation, including the use of cables and spikes for most of the 20th Century, the formation collapsed to the ground between
midnight and 2 a.m., May 3, 2003. Centuries of
wind,
snow, and
rain, as well as
freezing and
thawing cycles, finally caught up with the profile. Dismay over the collapse was so great that people left flowers at the base of the cliffs in tribute; some state legislators sought to change New Hampshire's Flag of New Hampshire to include the profile; and many people suggested replacing the Old Man with a plastic replica - an idea that was quickly rejected by an official task force headed by former Governor
Stephen Merrill. On the first anniversary of the collapse, the task force unveiled
coin-operated
viewfinders near the base of the cliff. Looking through them shows how the Old Man used to appear.
On
February 7,
2007, plans were announced at the New Hampshire State Library for an Old Man of the Mountain memorial, to include five huge stones which, viewed from a raised platform, merge into a form that recreates the profile outline. It is being overseen by The Old Man of The Mountain Legacy Fund, a committee that succeeded the Old Man of the Mountain Revitalization Task Force. The Legacy Fund is a private 501c3 corporation with representatives from various state agencies and several private non-profits.
Timeline of the Old Man
- Upper Paleolithic-6th millennium BC - An ice sheet recedes from North America, substantially creating the mountains, rivers, lakes and ponds found on the continent.
- 8th millennium BC - New England undergoes the Wisconsin glaciation, the most recent ice age. Glaciers cover New England and create the Old Man of the Mountain at Franconia Notch.
- 1604 - A Native American legend states that going north on Merrimack River leads to a mountain with a stone face.
- 1805 - Francis Whitcomb and Luke Brooks, part of a Franconia, New Hampshire surveying crew, are the first white settlers to record observing the Old Man, according to the official New Hampshire history.
- 1832 - Author Nathaniel Hawthorne visits the area and later publishes a short story called "The Great Stone Face".
- 1869 - President of the United States Ulysses S. Grant visits the formation.
- 1906 - The Reverend Guy Roberts of Massachusetts is the first to publicize signs of deterioration of the formation.
- 1916 - Governor of New Hampshire Rolland H. Spaulding begins a concerted state effort to preserve the formation.
- 1955 - President Dwight D. Eisenhower visits the profile as part of the Old Man's 150th "birthday" celebration.
- 1965 - Niels Nielsen, a state highway worker, becomes unofficial guardian of the profile, in an effort to protect the formation from vandalism and the ravages of the weather.
- 1986 - Vandalism the Old Man is classified as a crime under the State law criminal mischief law. Under the law it is a misdemeanor for any person to vandalize, Defacement (vandalism) or destroy any part of the Old Man, with a penalty of a fine of between $1000 and $3000 and restitution to the state for any damage caused.
- 1987 - After years of effort, Nielsen is named the official caretaker of the Old Man by the state of New Hampshire.
- 1988 - A 12-mile stretch of Interstate 93 opens below Cannon Mountain. The $56 million project, which took 30 years to build, was a compromise between the government and environmentalists that sought to protect the surrounding landscape.
- 1991 - David Nielsen, son of Niels Nielsen, becomes the official caretaker of the Old Man.
- 2000 - The Old Man is featured on the state quarter of New Hampshire.
- 2003 - The Old Man collapses.
- 2004 - Coin-operated viewfinders are installed to show how the Old Man looked before its collapse.
- 2007 - Design of an Old Man of the Mountain memorial announced at the New Hampshire State Library. It will feature large stone sculptures near the current viewfinders.
External links
- Old Man of the Mountain - Official Website
- The Old Man of the Mountain Legacy Fund
- Memorial design
- NH State Parks - Old Man of the Mountain
- NH RSA 634:2 IV. Criminal Mischief
{| align=right|-||-||-| contains the Old Man of the Mountain with the state motto 'Live Free or Die'.|}The
Old Man of the Mountain, also known as the
great stone face, was a series of five
granite cliff ledges on
Cannon Mountain (New Hampshire) in the
White Mountains (New Hampshire) of
New Hampshire, United States that, when viewed from the correct angle, appeared to be the jagged profile of a face. The first recorded discovery of the Old Man was in 1805. The outcrop was 1,200 feet above
Profile Lake, and measured 40 feet tall and 25 feet wide. It collapsed on May 3,
2003.
History
The formation was carved by
glaciers approximately 10,000 years ago and was first discovered by a surveying team circa 1805. The official state history says several groups of surveyors were working in the
Franconia Notch area at the time and claimed credit for the discovery.
Face-like stone formations are common around the world, including the famous
Napoleon's Nose, in the hills north of Belfast. The Old Man was famous largely because of statesman Daniel Webster, a New Hampshire native, who once wrote: "Men hang out their signs indicative of their respective trades; shoe makers hang out a gigantic shoe; jewelers a monster watch, and the dentist hangs out a gold tooth; but up in the Mountains of New Hampshire, God Almighty has hung out a sign to show that there He makes men."
The
writer Nathaniel Hawthorne also used the Old Man as inspiration for his
short story called "The Great Stone Face," first published in
1850, in which he described the formation as "a work of Nature in her mood of majestic playfulness."
Symbolic profile
The profile has been New Hampshire's Emblem of New Hampshire since
1945. It was put on the state's license plate, state
highway-route signs, and the back of New Hampshire's State Quarters, which is popularly promoted as the only US coin with a profile on both sides. Before the collapse, it could be seen from special viewing areas along Interstate 93 in Franconia Notch State Park, approximately 80 miles north of
Concord, New Hampshire.
Collapse
Defying attempts at preservation, including the use of cables and spikes for most of the 20th Century, the formation collapsed to the ground between midnight and 2 a.m., May 3,
2003. Centuries of
wind,
snow, and rain, as well as
freezing and thawing cycles, finally caught up with the profile. Dismay over the collapse was so great that people left flowers at the base of the cliffs in
tribute; some state legislators sought to change New Hampshire's
Flag of New Hampshire to include the profile; and many people suggested replacing the Old Man with a plastic replica - an idea that was quickly rejected by an official task force headed by former Governor
Stephen Merrill. On the first anniversary of the collapse, the task force unveiled
coin-operated viewfinders near the base of the cliff. Looking through them shows how the Old Man used to appear.
On
February 7,
2007, plans were announced at the New Hampshire State Library for an Old Man of the Mountain memorial, to include five huge stones which, viewed from a raised platform, merge into a form that recreates the profile outline. It is being overseen by The Old Man of The Mountain Legacy Fund, a committee that succeeded the Old Man of the Mountain Revitalization Task Force. The Legacy Fund is a private 501c3 corporation with representatives from various state agencies and several private non-profits.
Timeline of the Old Man
- Upper Paleolithic-6th millennium BC - An ice sheet recedes from North America, substantially creating the mountains, rivers, lakes and ponds found on the continent.
- 8th millennium BC - New England undergoes the Wisconsin glaciation, the most recent ice age. Glaciers cover New England and create the Old Man of the Mountain at Franconia Notch.
- 1604 - A Native American legend states that going north on Merrimack River leads to a mountain with a stone face.
- 1805 - Francis Whitcomb and Luke Brooks, part of a Franconia, New Hampshire surveying crew, are the first white settlers to record observing the Old Man, according to the official New Hampshire history.
- 1832 - Author Nathaniel Hawthorne visits the area and later publishes a short story called "The Great Stone Face".
- 1869 - President of the United States Ulysses S. Grant visits the formation.
- 1906 - The Reverend Guy Roberts of Massachusetts is the first to publicize signs of deterioration of the formation.
- 1916 - Governor of New Hampshire Rolland H. Spaulding begins a concerted state effort to preserve the formation.
- 1955 - President Dwight D. Eisenhower visits the profile as part of the Old Man's 150th "birthday" celebration.
- 1965 - Niels Nielsen, a state highway worker, becomes unofficial guardian of the profile, in an effort to protect the formation from vandalism and the ravages of the weather.
- 1986 - Vandalism the Old Man is classified as a crime under the State law criminal mischief law. Under the law it is a misdemeanor for any person to vandalize, Defacement (vandalism) or destroy any part of the Old Man, with a penalty of a fine of between $1000 and $3000 and restitution to the state for any damage caused.
- 1987 - After years of effort, Nielsen is named the official caretaker of the Old Man by the state of New Hampshire.
- 1988 - A 12-mile stretch of Interstate 93 opens below Cannon Mountain. The $56 million project, which took 30 years to build, was a compromise between the government and environmentalists that sought to protect the surrounding landscape.
- 1991 - David Nielsen, son of Niels Nielsen, becomes the official caretaker of the Old Man.
- 2000 - The Old Man is featured on the state quarter of New Hampshire.
- 2003 - The Old Man collapses.
- 2004 - Coin-operated viewfinders are installed to show how the Old Man looked before its collapse.
- 2007 - Design of an Old Man of the Mountain memorial announced at the New Hampshire State Library. It will feature large stone sculptures near the current viewfinders.
External links
- Old Man of the Mountain - Official Website
- The Old Man of the Mountain Legacy Fund
- Memorial design
- NH State Parks - Old Man of the Mountain
- NH RSA 634:2 IV. Criminal Mischief
Old Man of the Mountain - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Old Man of the Mountain, also known as the Great Stone Face or the Profile, [1] was a series of five granite cliff ledges on Cannon Mountain in the White Mountains of New ...
The Old Man of the Mountain (film) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Old Man Of The Mountain
The Old Man Of The Mountain. Editor's Note: 5/03/03 The Old Man of the Mountain fell from the mountain today. High above the Franconia Notch gateway to northern New Hampshire there ...
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Pannier racks that fit bikes with front and/or rear suspension and frames with or without braze-on eyelets. Hand-welded in Santa Barbara, California.
Old Man of the Mountain Legacy Fund
1604 > The American Indians had a legend that said if you follow the Great Merrimack River north you will find a mountain with a stone face.
NH.gov - The Official Web Site of New Hampshire State Government
An agreement between the Old Man of the Mountain Legacy Fund and the New Hampshire Department of Parks and Recreation was announced on February 7, 2007.
Old Man of the Mountain
Old Man of the Mountain The Old Man is gone. On May 3, 2003, during the night the Old Man slipped off his perch on the side of Cannon Mountain and fell to the rocks below.
Demise of the Old Man of the Mountain
Gallery of before and after photos, plus historical images.
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Encyclopedia article about Old Man of the Mountain. Information about Old Man of the Mountain in the Columbia Encyclopedia, Computer Desktop Encyclopedia, computing dictionary. old ...
